The founder of the Siamese kingdom betrayed the Khmer kingdom

"The founder of the Siamese kingdom betrayed the Khmer kingdom"
Phakhon Pha Mueang was a Siamese tribal leader who was skilled and loyal to the Khmer kingdom under the rule of King Jayavarman VII. At that time, the Siamese tribal region was controlled by a Khmer general named "Klonh Lum Pong".
Seeing the skills and loyalty of the Siamese general "Phakhon Pha Mueang" to the Khmer kingdom, and also wanting to strengthen the friendship and facilitate the control of the Siamese tribes. King Jayavarman VII married his daughter named "Sikh Devi" to the Siamese general "Phakhon Pha Mueang".
After the marriage, he gave a new Khmer name to Phakhon Pha Mueang, "Srey Indrapattinatit", along with Preah Khan Cheysrey, so that she would have the same power as a king, but swear to be loyal to all Khmer kings.
Speaking of this, I am reminded of the inscription at Viman Kase Temple which states that “King Suryavarman I called his officials to swear allegiance.”
After King Jayavarman VII died, “Phakhon Pha Mueang” joined forces with his friend in battle named “Phakhon Bang Khlang Haw” and fought to capture Sukhothai from the Khmer general “Khlon Lum Pong.” After winning, “Phakhon Pha Mueang” did not become the king of Siam, but gave his friend “Bang Khlang Haw” the title of king, and also gave the title of Khan Reach and the name “Sree Indrapattinaditi” to establish the capital of Sukhothai.
“Sukhothai” = having happiness, “Utaya” = beginning. Sukhothai Capital = the establishment of a happy capital.
After his friend was crowned king, "Phakhon Pha Mueang" returned to his native Rat region, and the "Nav Nam Thom Dynasty" disappeared from Sukhothai history.
What does the curse mean?
Curse
Any country, any nation that invades, encroaches on, invades the territory, and property by committing acts of cruelty, barbarity, harm, insult, and contempt for the people of the "Kingdom of Cambodia" may that country, that people suffer, suffer, encounter calamities, disasters, and destruction, quarrel, and disagreement, be disgraced, and suffer from misfortunes, may they never be disturbed, and may there be no peace and happiness, only heat, bitterness, and unhappiness in their own country and nation.
May all the gods, the gods, the sky, the gods In ancient times, we were told that the great Khmer king, King Jayavarman VII, stuck his sword into the ground and said that the invaders who insulted the Khmer people would suffer seven kinds of suffering. We believe that when the time comes, the Khmer people will rise up and destroy the invaders.
The temple of Preah Vihear, the most sacred place of worship and the place where the Thai king often comes to draw water during his coronation ceremony, was destroyed by bombs dropped from Thai military planes. This is a serious insult to the ancestors and gods. Thailand will gradually face destruction due to this curse.
The temple of Preah Vihear, the most sacred place of worship and the place where the kings of Thailand always come to draw water when they are crowned, was destroyed by bombs dropped from Thai military planes. This is a serious insult to the ancestors and gods, so Thailand will gradually face destruction due to the curse.
Pheu Thai Party, Wassana Deepbluesea conscripts, Pramoch Panichlue Chachai-Sam, Thai politics, Ban Rak
At 7am this morning, a landslide occurred in central Bangkok on Samsen Road, causing traffic to be temporarily suspended..
This morning, Samsen Road was closed near the entrance to Vajira Hospital, next to the police station on Samsen Road, due to a landslide.
Authorities are currently carrying out repairs while traffic in the area remains closed.
People using the Krung Thon Bridge to enter Bangkok can expect heavy traffic congestion.
There is ongoing construction of an underground tunnel in the area.
24-9-25
According to the Khmer dictionary, Samdech Sangharach Chuon Nath explained the word “curse” as “a word of curse, a word of curse, a word of curse to be destroyed.” This means that a curse can only occur if the victim is tortured to death, and then bursts into anger, unable to bear it, and curses or prays for the perpetrator to perish. Only the common people cannot resist the fire of anger, but for the arahants, there is the Buddha, the Supreme Master, etc., who adhere to the Dhamma of the Buddha. He does not curse living beings. Even the gods or the goddesses do not retaliate if they are malicious or want to kill. In the Dhamma of the Buddha, there are eight people mentioned according to their maliciousness: the king of Mara, the thief Angulimala, the elephant Nelagiri, the goddess Nelagiri, the goddess Nandopanananda, the demon Alavaka, the satanic monk, and the great Brahma. These eight men and the commander behind them tried to provoke, burn, and kill the Buddha, but he did not curse or insult him, but simply responded peacefully, not wanting to be destroyed. On the contrary, in Hinduism, there are accounts of curses cast out of anger, such as the ascetic Tapasa cursing Indra to shrink his penis because Indra was corrupted and had sexual intercourse with the ascetic's wife. The ascetic Matanga also cursed the ascetic Pali to be the same as the sword of Rama because the ascetic, in his anger with Pali, cut off the head of a buffalo, threw a stone that blocked the cave, and made a way out, and the head and blood of the buffalo flowed into the ascetic's hermitage. The statue of the cow also has the power to curse a man to stand still like a stone because the man entered the temple and did not worship the statue of the cow, which is the foot of the god Isa.
Generally, curses come from the mouth of a human being, even in the "Pumpa Kum Ngoy"There are also written curses or prophecies, such as the first verse: “Be gentle, fear your father, fear your mother, fear your grandmother, serve the king, be careful of the king’s predictions, true words of prophecy will ruin your reputation. The words of the king and the words of the teacher are salty and sour, rarely good…” This refers to the curse in the case of an angry king or a teacher who is angry with his students. As noted, the most severe curse or “with salty saliva” is the curse of the king, parents, teachers, and the people of the kingdom. If it is placed on any person, that person must perish. In particular, a mother who is kind gives birth to a child to know the sunlight. If the child makes the mother angry and ends up being cursed, the child will inevitably perish. For example, during the French colonial era, there was a man named Khieu, who did not listen to his mother’s advice and ran away to become a thief, leaving his widowed mother to live alone in a hut. One day, Chief Khieu went to see his mother for a moment. He heard his mother complaining about being hungry for a bag of ako, which angered the thief. He went to buy a bag of ako and beat his mother to force her to eat it, saying, “Mom, you are so hungry for a bag of ako, now eat the whole bag!” The old woman tried hard, eating only a few pieces of the cake with tears in her eyes, but she was already full when her son tore her mouth open, leaving her breathless. The mother, unable to control her anger, cursed her son, “May you be shot by French bullets soon!” Chief Khieu, hearing the curse, was very angry, kicked his mother in the leg, grabbed his rifle, and left the house to prevent his companions from going out to rob him. However, because of his mother’s salty saliva, Chief Khieu was shot and killed by French soldiers just 300 meters away from his mother’s hut. This story is a story told by locals in Takeo Province, southern Thailand.
In particular, Pol Pot was also cursed by the entire Khmer people who lived in the genocide regime. At that time, anyone would curse the organization with Pol Pot as the engine, and in the end, the leader of this brutal regime was only tried by the people and died without any value, leaving his bones in the middle of the forest in Anlong Veng. ("Pol Pot destroyed Buddha statues, the law, and insulted temples and monasteries throughout the country.") Pol Pot insulted people, insulted Buddhism
"Tamils ​​(Tamils) are not religious"
We Khmer people ridicule those who are crooked and inhuman
as Tamils, not religious. Do you all know what Tamils ​​are?
Pavte Mapan, you answered just 1 minute after posting.
In India, there is a region called Tamil Nadu
The Tamils ​​live there. These Tamils ​​are big, black, and do not practice Buddhism. This Tamil is this Tamil.
This nation has been killing the indigenous people of the land since ancient times, forcing them to flee their homeland. And the people who fled were scattered, etc.
Readers of Khmer history and foreign books know this story. The American pilot who flew the 26th plane and dropped the atomic bomb on Japan during World War II, causing hundreds of thousands of Japanese people to die, was cursed by the Japanese. Before the end of his life, the pilot went crazy, suffered convulsions, and imagined ghosts who died from radiation.
So we see that the curse of parents and people is very effective, causing the person who is cursed to die, die early or have chronic diseases, become crazy and eat their own feces. The murderer is not cursed enough, but the person behind or ordering them suffers very serious consequences. According to the Buddhist path, "the path to heaven is closed, the path to nirvana is closed." There is only one way, which is "hell." Parents who curse their children with words like “Oh, the earth is sucking!”, “Oh, the bullet!”, “Oh, the lightning!”, “Oh, the darkness!”, “Oh, the short life!” make it inevitable for the child to die, sometimes even before he is born, like the thief named Khieu. Curses in ancient Khmer society The concepts of sin, heaven, and hell for the Khmer people of the pre-Angkor period (Fun-Non and Chenla) and Angkor, which are religious and ideological codes, have played an important role in Khmer society in all eras. Our interest is that at the end of some ancient inscriptions that we have studied with Mr. Claude Zach and Teacher Pov Savros, there are curse words. The meaning of these words shows us the high moral sphere of the Khmer people in the early era. In addition, it is also a testimony to the continuity of traditional Khmer customs and religious beliefs throughout each period of history. It should be noted that these curse words are generally inscribed at the end of the inscriptions. In this short article, we will only discuss four inscriptions related to the above curse tradition. Here, the inscriptions whose contents we will examine are divided into the following periods: 1- The transitional period between Phnom and Chenla 2- The Chenla period and 3- The Angkor period.
It should be noted that when it comes to the Funan or Phnom period from the 1st century to 624 AD (Chinese chronology), we can note that we do not find any written texts on the curse word, although the word originated in India and entered Funan through the spread of the two major religions, Brahmanism and Buddhism. However, if we refer to the inscriptions that are dated a little later, namely the transitional period between Phnom and Chenla, we can rightly say that the tradition of using curse words is indeed a cultural legacy from the Funan or Phnom period.
For example, in the Khmer text, inscription K 44, which we will examine in a moment, we know that this inscription was inscribed in 596, corresponding to 674 AD. In the reign of Jayavarman I, this is also true. However, this new inscription mentions a gift from two high-ranking officials during the reign of Rudravarman (in the Thravam), the emperor of the Funan Empire between 514 and 545 CE.
1- Cursing words from the pre-Angkor period
Written in the late 7th century, the inscription K.44 was discovered by Ademar Leclerc in the late 19th century in a cave called Preah Kuha Luang in present-day Kampot Province, which was originally a subsidiary province of Takeo Province, where the capital city of Vyathapura or Angkor Borei was located.
A recent translation of this inscription by Vong Sotheara in 2003, Inscriptions of Pre-Angkor Cambodia, states at the end of the inscription: “If anyone seizes all the wealth gifted by the god (Esora) Utpanesvara, he will fall into the realm of Andha Tamisra (dark hell) as long as the sun, moon and stars remain” (Cf. Vong Sotheara, 2003, p. 145).
A little later, between the mid-7th and late 7th centuries, we also found a stone millstone in Prek Tol village, Phtol commune, Angkor Borei district, which belonged to the local people. The main feature of the Ka 24 inscription, a three-line Khmer script inscribed on the base of the pedestal at the corner, is the following: “(This) stone is a gift from Satkrama Lakkha to the goddess Srei Vakrathi. Those who steal this (are the destroyers) may God (send) them to hell (Cf. Vong Sotheara, p. 46).”
The last part of the Ka 11 inscription, which we first discovered not far from Phnom Srang in Kong Pisey village in present-day Kampong Speu province, also speaks of the imposition of a curse. The following is the meaning of the above text: “(If) anyone dares to obstruct here, anyone who takes things here, anyone who uses the wealth here, anyone who causes trouble here, may they fall into Sapta Visanorak (the seven levels surrounded by the sea) without fail (Cf. Vong Sotheara, p. 61).”
In addition, we have found two other inscriptions from the late 1st and early 7th centuries at Wat Phu, Champasak Province, present-day Laos, which are also related to the same issue.
2- Chenla Period, 8th-9th centuries CE
To show the continuity of the above folk tradition, from the Chenla Period, 8th-9th centuries CE, let us quote the last part of the inscription written in Khmer in That Thong Village, That Thong Commune, Mueang District, Yasothon Province, present-day Kingdom of Thailand, which has the following meaning.
“(Please) do not entrust the care of those gods to the unworthy,” we “Please do not curse anyone who destroys those gods (all three), which are (my) possessions for the people. May (the destroyer) fall into hell until the sun and moon melt.”
Please recall that the first part of the above inscription, which was inscribed during the reign of King Isanvarman II, Chenla period, has 20 lines of Sanskrit characters, while the second part is in Khmer with 28 lines. (Cf. Nantana Tantivess, Ban Tat Thong Inscription, Silpakorn, 45, No 2).
3- Angkor Period
A little later, that is, during the Angkor period, the inscription at Stung Chrap, Kotham Russey District, Battambang Province (K.693), inscribed during the reign of King Jayavarman in 1003 CE, also has the following meaning, although it is related to a land dispute. Please recall the content of this text: “This sacrifice, may I descend to all 32 levels of hell, as long as this world still has the moon and the sun.”
It is worth noting that the inscriptions from the reign of King Isanvarman II, which are placed in the precincts of the temple, are from the Stung Chreap River, a boundary marker that was placed on disputed land to mark the border. It is worth noting that the presence of the statue of Yama, who is known as the judge of justice, riding a bull accompanied by Dharma and Chitrakupat, as well as the moon and sun, is evidence of the belief in the world of rewards, heaven, and hell of the early Khmer people.
In addition, the analysis shows that for the ancient Khmer, who had high moral values, they always believed that every violation of the law would bring all kinds of sins, whether in this nation or the next. And this tradition is actually still alive today, that is, it has not faded much, especially in rural areas.
In summary, through the text of the few inscriptions that we have just examined above, we can clearly understand the concepts of merit-demerit, merit-demerit, heaven-hell in ancient Khmer society. They can also show the high level of Khmer morality, which was always under the influence of religious ideology.
Inscriptions Ka 24 and Ka 11 with curse words (M.T 2010)