Clarification regarding UNESCO and Preah Vihear

Several voices have raised concerns about UNESCO’s apparent silence in the face of reported damage to Preah Vihear Temple during recent military activity. It is a legitimate question.

UNESCO does not have the power to act on its own. It cannot intervene on the ground, assess damage, or issue formal declarations without cooperation from the states involved.

Under the 1954 Hague Convention, both Cambodia and Thailand have binding obligations to protect cultural heritage during armed conflict. This includes avoiding the use of temples for military purposes and refraining from targeting such sites.

UNESCO’s role is to provide coordination, technical assistance, and advocacy. But it requires an official request or access granted by member states. It is not a monitoring agency with autonomous authority.

If credible evidence of damage exists, the appropriate step is for Cambodia to formally notify UNESCO and request technical support or an emergency assessment. At the same time, both parties must publicly recommit to their treaty obligations under international law.

Calling for accountability is necessary. But it must be done through lawful, constructive channels if we want action that leads to protection rather than escalation.

Preah Vihear is a symbol of our heritage. It must remain above politics, and protected by principle.